Permiso y Fideicomiso
Permiso (convenio)
El artículo 27 de la constitución mexicana establece que solo los mexicanos pueden poseer propiedades, por lo que los extranjeros deben obtener un permiso (convenio) de la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (SRE). Los compradores realizan esta solicitud tras firmar el acuerdo de compra, incluyendo los detalles del inmueble. El núcleo del permiso es la Cláusula Calvo, mediante la cual los extranjeros renuncian a invocar la protección de su gobierno de origen en caso de una disputa de propiedad con el gobierno de México. Los solicitantes deben acudir personalmente o mediante un representante legal a la Dirección de Asuntos Jurídicos de la SRE. El proceso de aprobación tarda de 3 a 4 semanas.
Información sobre el convenio y requisitos en el sitio web de la SRE. Los formularios están bajo el apartado de Requisitos (S1 y S2). Información sobre costos y tiempos para el convenio disponible en el sitio de la SRE. Contacto SRE en CDMX: Plaza Juárez 20, Col. Centro. Tel: (55) 3886 5100. Lunes a viernes 09:00–18:00 (requiere identificación oficial). Detalles de contacto para delegaciones y oficinas estatales de la SRE disponibles en línea.
Más información sobre regulaciones al (55) 3686 5100 extensiones 6419 y 641.
Establecimiento de un Fideicomiso
Además del convenio, los extranjeros que compren tierras ejidales o propiedades dentro de los 100 km de una frontera o 50 km de una costa deben establecer un fideicomiso bancario. Este contrato entre un banco mexicano y una persona o empresa extranjera designa al banco como fiduciario (propietario legal) de la propiedad. Aunque el banco posee la escritura en fideicomiso para el comprador (beneficiario), este último tiene el derecho exclusivo de uso y control del inmueble, incluyendo construir, vender, hipotecar o heredar. El fideicomiso expira después de 50 años, pero es renovable. El proceso inicia tras la aceptación de una oferta y conlleva honorarios de apertura y mantenimiento anual, generalmente gestionados por la institución financiera y sus propios notarios.
El proceso inmobiliario está regulado a nivel estatal en México. Esta página ofrece una visión general preparada por agentes certificados expertos en el mercado de la Ciudad de México. Los consejos aquí contenidos no deben considerarse un documento legal ni implican responsabilidad para los autores ante discrepancias en los procesos. Para prácticas en otros estados, se debe buscar asesoría de profesionales locales.
Información proporcionada por Carmella Peters-Romero, Vanessa Kerr y Hector Romero de Peters & Romero Bienes Raíces, Tel: 55 1702 5977 / 55 6708 4772 / 55 4341 3131
Permit and Fideicomiso
Permit (convenio)
Article 27 of the Mexican constitution states that only Mexicans may own property, so foreigners must obtain a permit (convenio) from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores - SRE) that grants them permission. Buyers make this application after signing the purchase agreement; details about the property to be purchased must be included in the application process.
At the core of the permit is the Calvo Clause (Cláusula Calvo), a clause whereby foreigners waive the right to invoke the protection of their home government in the event of a property dispute between the foreign owner and the government of Mexico.
Applicants must appear in person, or through a legal representative, at the Legal Affairs Directory of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to provide basic information about themselves, their legal representative if applicable, and the property. The approval process takes around 3 to 4 weeks.
Find information about the convenio and the application requirements, on the SRE website (in Spanish). Links to application forms in Word format can be found under Requisitos, numbered S1 and S2.
Find more information about fees and timelines involved when applying for a convenio (in Spanish)
Contact information for the SRE in the Distrito Federal:
At: Plaza Juárez 20, Col. Centro, Mexico DF.
Tel: (55) 3886 5100
Open: Monday to Friday 09:00–18:00; official ID is required for entrance
Find contact details (in Spanish) for Delegation and State offices of the SRE
More information about regulations and procedures can be obtained by telephone on (55) 3686 5100 extensions 6419 and 641.
Establishing a Fideicomiso
In addition to the convenio, foreigners purchasing ejido land or property within 100 Km of a border or 50 Km of a coastline must establish a fideicomiso, or bank trusteeship. This involves a contract between a Mexican bank and a non-Mexican individual (or company) where the bank, as trustee, becomes the legal owner of the property.
Although the bank holds the deed to the property in trust for the purchaser – referred to as the beneficiary of the trust – the purchaser is given the exclusive right to use and control the property. This includes the right to build on the property, to profit by selling it, to borrow money against it, or to designate/will it to other beneficiaries. The beneficiary is also entitled to claim the property as an asset for accounting purposes. The fideicomiso expires after 50 years, but may be renewed.
The process of establishing a fideicomiso begins after an offer has been accepted.
There are fees associated with establishing the fideicomiso and yearly fees to maintain it. It is usually drafted by the financial institution, which uses its own notaries.
The process of buying, selling or renting any type of property or land is regulated at a state level in Mexico. While some procedures in the property purchase process may be identical in all states, others may differ. This page gives an overview of what is involved in buying a property in Mexico, prepared by certified real estate agents who are experts in the Mexico City property market. It contains advice that should not be considered a legal document nor should it imply any liability for its authors in case there are some discrepancies with the processes involved for the sale or rental of a property. It should also be noted that for particular practices and requirements in areas other than Mexico City, advice should be sought from professionals familiar with the property market in that state.


